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وَحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ وَابْنُ أَبِى خَلَفٍ وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ جَمِيعًا عَنْ زَكَرِيَّاءَ بْنِ عَدِىٍّ - قَالَ عَبْدٌ حَدَّثَنِى زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ عَدِىٍّ - أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِى أُنَيْسَةَ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رضى الله عنهما - قَالَ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أُمِّى مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ نَذْرٍ أَفَأَصُومُ عَنْهَا قَالَ « أَرَأَيْتِ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّكِ دَيْنٌ فَقَضَيْتِيهِ أَكَانَ يُؤَدِّى ذَلِكِ عَنْهَا ». قَالَتْ نَعَمْ. قَالَ « فَصُومِى عَنْ أُمِّكِ ».
It was narrated that Ibn Abbas said: “A woman came to the Messenger of Allah and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, my mother has dies and she owed a fast that she vowed to observe; shall I fast it on her behalf? He said: ‘Don’t you think that if your mother owed a debt and you would pay it off, that would settle the matter on her behalf?’ She said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Then fast on behalf of your mother.”
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"When a person dies, his works end, except for three: ongoing charity, knowledge that is benefited from, and a righteous child who prays for him."
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH)
"The best of what a man leaves behind are three: a righteous child who supplicates for him, ongoing charity the reward of which reaches him, and knowledge that is acted upon after him."
Sunan Ibn Mājah
"Every day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says, 'O Allah! Compensate every person who spends in Your Cause,' and the other (angel) says, 'O Allah! Destroy every miser.'"
Sahih Bukhari