Sahih Muslim Book - 1, Hadith - 93

حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ كَهْمَسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمَرَ؛ ح: و حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ وَهَذَا حَدِيثُهُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا كَهْمَسٌ عَنْ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمَرَ قَالَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ قَالَ بالْقَدَرِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ مَعْبَدٌ الْجُهَنِيُّ فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ حَاجَّيْنِ أَوْ مُعْتَمِرَيْنِ فَقُلْنَا لَوْ لَقِينَا أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَمَّا يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي الْقَدَرِ فَوُفِّقَ لَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ دَاخِلًا الْمَسْجِدَ فَاكْتَنَفْتُهُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي أَحَدُنَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَالْآخَرُ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي سَيَكِلُ الْكَلَامَ إِلَيَّ فَقُلْتُ:يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ ظَهَرَ قِبَلَنَا نَاسٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَيَتَقَفَّرُونَ الْعِلْمَ وَذَكَرَ مِنْ شَأْنِهِمْ وَأَنَّهُمْ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لَا قَدَرَ وَأَنَّ الْأَمْرَ أُنُفٌ قَالَ: إِذَا لَقِيتَ أُولَئِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْهُمْ وَأَنَّهُمْ بُرَآءُ مِنِّي وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِأَحَدِهِمْ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا فَأَنْفَقَهُ مَا قَبِلَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعَرِ لَا يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ وَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِسْلَامِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنْ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِيمَانِ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِحْسَانِ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ السَّاعَةِ؟ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنْ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ قَالَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَلَبِثْتُ مَلِيًّا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي يَا عُمَرُ أَتَدْرِي مَنْ السَّائِلُ؟ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ.

It was narrated that Yahya bin Ya'mar said: "The first one who spoke about Al-Qadar in AI-Basrah was Ma'bad AI-Juhani. Humaid bin 'Abdur-Rahman Al-Himyari and I went for Hajj or 'Umrah and we said: 'If we meet any of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w), we will ask them about what these people are saying about Al-Qadar. We came across 'Abdullah bin 'Umar bin Al-Khattab, entering the Masjid, so my companion and I came alongside him, one on his right and the other on his left. I thought that my companion would leave me to speak, so I said: 'O Abu 'Abdur-Rahman! There are people who have appeared in our land that read the Qur'an and seek knowledge"' - and he spoke about them - "'and they claim that there is no Qadar, and that nothing is predestined.' He said: 'If you meet those people, tell them that I have nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with me. By the One by Whom 'Abdullah bin 'Umar swears! If one of them had gold like Uhud, and he spent it (in charity), Allah would not accept it from him unless he believed in Al-Qadar.' Then he said: 'My father, 'Umar bin Al-Khattab, told me: "While we were with the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) one day, a man came to us whose garment was exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black, and there were no signs of travel on him, and none of us knew who he was. He came and sat before the Prophet (s.a.w), resting his knees against his and placing his hands on his thighs. He said: 'O Muhammad, tell me about Islam.' The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'Islam means to bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; to establish the Salat, to pay the Zakat, to fast (the month of) Ramadan and to perform pilgrimage to the House (the Ka'bah), if you have the means.' He said: 'You have spoken the truth."' He ('Umar) said: "It amazed us, how he questioned him and (at the same time) said that he had spoken the truth. He said: 'Tell me about faith (Al-Iman). He (s.a.w) said: 'It is to believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in Al-Qadar (the divine will and decree), both the good and bad of it.' He said: 'You have spoken the truth.' He said: 'Tell me about Al-Ihsan.' He (s.a.w) said: 'It is to worship Allah as though you can see Him, for although you cannot see Him, He indeed sees you.' He said: 'Tell me about the Hour.' He said: 'The one who is asked about it does not know more than the one who is asking.' He said: 'Then tell me about its signs.' He (s.a.w) said: 'When the slave woman gives birth to her mistress, and when you see the barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in the construction of lofty buildings.'" He ('Umar) said: "Then he went away. I stayed there for a while, then he (the Prophet (s.a.w)) said to me: 'O 'Umar! Do you know who that questioner was?' I said: 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said: 'That was Jibra'il, who came to you to teach you your religion."'