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حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِى طَلْحَةَ حَدَّثَنِى عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِى عَمْرَةَ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِىَّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَقُولُ « إِنَّ ثَلاَثَةً فِى بَنِى إِسْرَائِيلَ أَبْرَصَ وَأَقْرَعَ وَأَعْمَى فَأَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَبْتَلِيَهُمْ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ مَلَكًا فَأَتَى الأَبْرَصَ فَقَالَ أَىُّ شَىْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ لَوْنٌ حَسَنٌ وَجِلْدٌ حَسَنٌ وَيَذْهَبُ عَنِّى الَّذِى قَدْ قَذِرَنِى النَّاسُ. قَالَ فَمَسَحَهُ فَذَهَبَ عَنْهُ قَذَرُهُ وَأُعْطِىَ لَوْنًا حَسَنًا وَجِلْدًا حَسَنًا قَالَ فَأَىُّ الْمَالِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ الإِبِلُ - أَوْ قَالَ الْبَقَرُ شَكَّ إِسْحَاقُ - إِلاَّ أَنَّ الأَبْرَصَ أَوِ الأَقْرَعَ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا الإِبِلُ وَقَالَ الآخَرُ الْبَقَرُ - قَالَ فَأُعْطِىَ نَاقَةً عُشَرَاءَ فَقَالَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِيهَا - قَالَ - فَأَتَى الأَقْرَعَ فَقَالَ أَىُّ شَىْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ شَعَرٌ حَسَنٌ وَيَذْهَبُ عَنِّى هَذَا الَّذِى قَذِرَنِى النَّاسُ. قَالَ فَمَسَحَهُ فَذَهَبَ عَنْهُ وَأُعْطِىَ شَعَرًا حَسَنًا - قَالَ - فَأَىُّ الْمَالِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ الْبَقَرُ. فَأُعْطِىَ بَقَرَةً حَامِلاً فَقَالَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِيهَا - قَالَ - فَأَتَى الأَعْمَى فَقَالَ أَىُّ شَىْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ أَنْ يَرُدَّ اللَّهُ إِلَىَّ بَصَرِى فَأُبْصِرَ بِهِ النَّاسَ - قَالَ - فَمَسَحَهُ فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ بَصَرَهُ. قَالَ فَأَىُّ الْمَالِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ الْغَنَمُ. فَأُعْطِىَ شَاةً وَالِدًا فَأُنْتِجَ هَذَانِ وَوَلَّدَ هَذَا - قَالَ - فَكَانَ لِهَذَا وَادٍ مِنَ الإِبِلِ وَلِهَذَا وَادٍ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ وَلِهَذَا وَادٍ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ. قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَتَى الأَبْرَصَ فِى صُورَتِهِ وَهَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِسْكِينٌ قَدِ انْقَطَعَتْ بِىَ الْحِبَالُ فِى سَفَرِى فَلاَ بَلاَغَ لِىَ الْيَوْمَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ ثُمَّ بِكَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِالَّذِى أَعْطَاكَ اللَّوْنَ الْحَسَنَ وَالْجِلْدَ الْحَسَنَ وَالْمَالَ بَعِيرًا أَتَبَلَّغُ عَلَيْهِ فِى سَفَرِى. فَقَالَ الْحُقُوقُ كَثِيرَةٌ. فَقَالَ لَهُ كَأَنِّى أَعْرِفُكَ أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَبْرَصَ يَقْذَرُكَ النَّاسُ فَقِيرًا فَأَعْطَاكَ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا وَرِثْتُ هَذَا الْمَالَ كَابِرًا عَنْ كَابِرٍ. فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ كَاذِبًا فَصَيَّرَكَ اللَّهُ إِلَى مَا كُنْتَ. قَالَ وَأَتَى الأَقْرَعَ فِى صُورَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ لِهَذَا وَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلَ مَا رَدَّ عَلَى هَذَا فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ كَاذِبًا فَصَيَّرَكَ اللَّهُ إِلَى مَا كُنْتَ. قَالَ وَأَتَى الأَعْمَى فِى صُورَتِهِ وَهَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِسْكِينٌ وَابْنُ سَبِيلٍ انْقَطَعَتْ بِىَ الْحِبَالُ فِى سَفَرِى فَلاَ بَلاَغَ لِىَ الْيَوْمَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ ثُمَّ بِكَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِالَّذِى رَدَّ عَلَيْكَ بَصَرَكَ شَاةً أَتَبَلَّغُ بِهَا فِى سَفَرِى فَقَالَ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْمَى فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ إِلَىَّ بَصَرِى فَخُذْ مَا شِئْتَ وَدَعْ مَا شِئْتَ فَوَاللَّهِ لاَ أَجْهَدُكَ الْيَوْمَ شَيْئًا أَخَذْتَهُ لِلَّهِ فَقَالَ أَمْسِكْ مَالَكَ فَإِنَّمَا ابْتُلِيتُمْ فَقَدْ رُضِىَ عَنْكَ وَسُخِطَ عَلَى صَاحِبَيْكَ.
Abu Hurairah narrated that he heard the Prophet (s.a.w) say: "There were three men of the Children of Israel, a leper, a bald man and a blind man. Allah wanted to test them so He sent an angel to them. He came to the leper and said: 'What thing is dearest to you?' He said: 'A beautiful color and beautiful skin, and to be rid of that which makes me detestable in people's eyes.' He touched him, and that which repelled people was cured, and he was given a beautiful color and beautiful skin. Then he said: 'What kind of wealth is dearest to you?' He said: 'Camels' - or 'cows.'" - Ishaq (a sub narrator) was not sure, but either the leper or the bald man said camels, and the other said cows - "He was given a bulging pregnant she-camel, and he said: 'May Allah bless it for you.' Then he went to the bald man and said: 'What thing is dearest to you?' He said: 'Beautiful hair, and to be rid of that which makes me detestable in people's eyes.' He touched him and it was cured, and he was given beautiful hair. He said: 'What kind of wealth is dearest to you?' He said: 'Cattle.' So he was given a pregnant cow. He said: 'May Allah bless it for you.' Then he came to the blind man and said: 'What thing is dearest to you?' He said: 'For Allah to restore my sight so that I may see the people.' He touched him, and Allah restored his sight. He said: 'What kind of wealth is dearest to you?' He said: 'Sheep.' So he was given a pregnant sheep. (Time passed and) the animals produced plenty of offspring, and one had a valley full of camels, one had a valley full of cattle and one had a valley full of sheep. "Then he (the angel) came to the leper in his previous form and said: 'I am a poor man and I have lost my provisions and lost my way, and there is no one to help me reach my destination today except Allah, and then you. I am asking you, by the One Who gave you this beautiful color, beautiful skin, and wealth - for a camel to carry me on my journey.' He said: 'I have many duties.' He said: 'It is as if I know you. Were you not the leper whom people regarded as detestable, a poor man to whom Allah gave wealth?' He said: 'No; I inherited this wealth from my great forefathers.' He said: 'If you are lying, then may Allah put you back as you were.' "Then he came to the bald man in his previous form, and said to him what he had said to the leper, and he replied as the leper had replied. He said: 'If you are lying, then may Allah put you back as you were.' "Then he came to the blind man in his previous form, and said: 'I am a poor man, and a wayfarer. I have lost my provisions and lost my way, and there is no one to help me reach my destination today except Allah, and then you. I am asking you, by the One Who restored to you your sight, for a sheep that will help me on my journey.' He said: 'I was blind, then Allah restored to me my sight. Take whatever you want, and leave whatever you want, for by Allah, I will not expect you to pay back anything that you take in the Name of Allah.' He said: 'Keep your wealth, for you were being tested, and Allah is pleased with you, and angry with your two companions."'
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"When a person dies, his works end, except for three: ongoing charity, knowledge that is benefited from, and a righteous child who prays for him."
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH)
"The best of what a man leaves behind are three: a righteous child who supplicates for him, ongoing charity the reward of which reaches him, and knowledge that is acted upon after him."
Sunan Ibn Mājah
"Every day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says, 'O Allah! Compensate every person who spends in Your Cause,' and the other (angel) says, 'O Allah! Destroy every miser.'"
Sahih Bukhari