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Cf. {19:47-48}.
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Sc., "by letting me see my father among the damned" (Zamakhshari).
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Now we have a vision of the Day of Judgment. Nothing will then avail except a pure heart; all sorts of the so-called "good deeds" of this world, without the motive of purity, will be useless. The contrast of the Garden of Bliss with the Fire of Misery will be plainly visible. Evil will be shown in its true colours,-isolated, helpless, cursing and despairing; and all chances will then have been lost.
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A pure and sound heart is that of the believer, compared to that of the disbeliever and the hypocrite.
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The Good will only see good (the Garden of Bliss), and the Evil will only see evil (the Fire of Hell). The type of this contrast is shown to us in the world of our spiritual sense even in this life.
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Or: "beside God". Whenever the relative pronoun ma ("that which" or "all that which") is used in the Qur'an with reference to false objects of worship, it indicates not merely inanimate things (like idols, fetishes, supposedly "holy" relics, etc.) or falsely deified saints, dead or alive, but also forces of nature, real or imaginary, as well as man's "worship" of wealth, power, social position, etc. (See also {10:28-29} and the corresponding notes.)
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Lit., "into it".
The false gods, being devils or personified false fancies, will be all involved in the punishment of Hell, together with their worshippers, and the ultimate sources of evil, the hosts of Iblis or Satan.
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Cf. {2: 24}- "the fire whose fuel is human beings and stones" - and the corresponding note [16]. The "hosts of Iblis" are the forces of evil ("satan ") frequently mentioned in the Qur'an in connection with man's sinning (see note [10] on 2:14 , the first half of note [16] on {15: 17}, as well as note [52] on 19:68 ; also cf. 19:83 and the corresponding note [72]).
Iblîs was the name of Satan before his fall from grace. See footnote for 2:34.
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Lit., "while they quarrel with one another".
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Error-manifest.- 'our error is now plainly manifest, but it should have been manifest to us before it was too late, because the Signs of Allah were always around us'. This will be said by the ungodly, whose eyes will then be fully opened.
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Lit., "yet none but those guilty ones (al-mujrimun) have led us astray": cf. 7:38 , {33:67-68}, {38:60-61} and the corresponding notes.
They now see that the people who seduced them were themselves evil and subject to the penalities of evil, and their seductions were frauds. They feel that they ought to have seen it before. For who would deliberately follow the paths of those condemned to misery and punishment? How simple they were not to see the true character of their seducers, though they had been warned again and again against them! It was their own folly that made them accept such obviously false guidance!
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Lit., "would that there were a return for us". See also {6:27-28} and the corresponding note.
This apparent longing for a chance of return is dishonest. If they were sent back, they would certainly retum to their evil ways: vi. 27-28. Besides, they have had numerous chances already in this life, and they have used them for mischief or evil.
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Sc., "and He may grant forgiveness to whomever He wills".
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lit., messengers, because denying Noah (ﷺ) was equal to denying all of Allah’s messengers.
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