I was sitting with Jabir bin Zaid and 'Amr bin Aus, and Bjalla was narrating to them in 70 A.H., the year when Musab bin Az-Zubair was the leader of the pilgrims of Basra. We were sitting at the steps of Zam-zam well and Bajala said, "I was the clerk of Juz bin Muawiya, Al-Ahnaf's paternal uncle. A letter came from 'Umar bin Al-Khattab one year before his death; and it was read: "Cancel every marriage contracted among the Magians between relatives of close kinship (marriages that are regarded illegal in Islam: a relative of this sort being called Dhu-Mahram)." 'Umar did not take the Jizya from the Magian infidels till 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Auf testified that Allah's Apostle had taken the Jizya from the Magians of Hajar.

I heard Hisham bin Hakim bin Hizam reciting Surat-al-Furqan during the lifetime of Allah's Apostle, and I listened to his recitation and noticed that he recited it in several ways which Allah's Apostle had not taught me. So I was on the point of attacking him in the prayer, but I waited till he finished his prayer, and then I seized him by the collar and said, "Who taught you this Surah which I have heard you reciting?" He replied, "Allah's Apostle taught it to me." I said, "You are telling a lie; by Allah! Allah's Apostle taught me (in a different way) this very Surah which I have heard you reciting." So I took him, leading him to Allah's Apostle and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I heard this person reciting Surat-al-Furqan in a way that you did not teach me, and you have taught me Surat-al-Furqan." The Prophet said, "O Hisham, recite!" So he recited in the same way as I heard him recite it before. On that Allah's Apostle said, "It was revealed to be recited in this way." Then Allah's Apostle said, "Recite, O 'Umar!" So I recited it as he had taught me. Allah's Apostle then said, "It was revealed to be recited in this way." Allah's Apostle added, "The Quran has been revealed to be recited in several different ways, so recite of it that which is easier for you."

I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "Near the Hour you will fight with people who will wear hairy shoes; and you will also fight people with flat faces like shields."

Al-Mughirah (ibn Shu'bah) said: Umar ibn AbdulAziz gathered thefamily of Marwan when he was made caliph, and he said: Fadakbelonged to the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him), and he madecontributions from it, showing repeated kindness to the poor ofthe Banu Hashim from it, and supplying from it the cost ofmarriage for those who were unmarried. Fatimah asked him to giveit to her, but he refused. That is how matters stood during thelifetime of the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) till hepassed on (i.e. died).When AbuBakr was made ruler headministered it as the Prophet (peace be upon him) had done inhis lifetime till he passed on. Then when Umar ibn al-Khattab wasmade ruler he administered it as they had done till he passed on.Then it was given to Marwan as a fief, and it afterwards came toUmar ibn AbdulAziz. Umar ibn AbdulAziz said: I consider I haveno right to something which the Apostle of Allah (peace be uponhim) refused to Fatimah, and I call you to witness that I haverestored it to its former condition; meaning in the time of theApostle of Allah (peace be upon him).

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Come near, my son, mentionAllah's name, eat with your right hand and eat from what is nextto you.

Amr ibn Aws and AbulSha'tha' reported that Bujalah said: I wassecretary to Jaz' ibn Mu'awiyah, the uncle of Ahnaf ibn Qays. Aletter came to us from Umar one year before his death, saying:Kill every magician, separate the relatives of prohibited degreesfrom the Magians, and forbid them to murmur (before eating). Sowe killed three magicians in one day, and separated from a Magianhusband his wife of a prohibited degree according to the Book ofAllah.He prepared abundant food and called them, and placed thesword on his thigh. They ate (the food) but did not murmur. Theythrew (on the ground) one or two mule-loads of silver. Umar didnot take jizyah from Magians until AbdurRahman ibn Awf witnessedthat the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) had taken jizyahfrom the Magians of Hajar.

AbulBakhtari said: I heard from a man a tradition which I liked.I said to him: Write it down for me. So he brought it clearlywritten to me.(It says): Al-Abbas and Ali entered upon Umarwhen Talhah, az-Zubayr, AbdurRahman and Sa'd were with him. They(Abbas and Ali) were disputing. Umar said to Talhah, az-Zubayr,AbdurRahman and Sa'd: Do you not know that the Apostle of Allah(peace be upon him) said: All the property of the Prophet (peacebe upon him) is sadaqah (alms), except what he provided for hisfamily for their sustenance and their clothing. We are not to beinherited. They said: Yes, indeed. He said: The Apostle ofAllah (peace be upon him) used to spend from his property on hisfamily, and give the residue as sadaqah (alms). The Apostle ofAllah (peace be upon him) then died, and AbuBakr ruled for twoyears. He would deal with it in the same manner as the Apostle ofAllah (peace be upon him) did. He then mentioned a little fromthe tradition of Malik ibn Aws.

Malik ibn Aws al-Hadthan said: One of the arguments put forwardby Umar was that he said that the Apostle of Allah (peace be uponhim) received three things exclusively to himself: Banu an-Nadir,Khaybar and Fadak. The Banu an-Nadir property was kept wholly forhis emergent needs, Fadak for travellers, and Khaybar was dividedby the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) into three sections:two for Muslims, and one as a contribution for his family. Ifanything remained after making the contribution of his family, hedivided it among the poor Emigrants.

A son of Adi ibn Adi al-Kindi said that Umar ibn AbdulAziz wrote(to his governors): If anyone asks about the places where spoils(fay') should be spent, that should be done in accordance withthe decision made by Umar ibn al-Khattab (Allah be pleased withhim). The believers considered him to be just, according to thesaying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): Allah has placed truthupon Umar's tongue and heart. He fixed stipends for Muslims, andprovided protection for the people of other religions by levyingjizyah (poll-tax) on them, deducting no fifth from it, nor taking it as booty.

Malik ibn Aws ibn al-Hadthan said: One day Umar ibn al-Khattabmentioned the spoils of war and said: I am not more entitled tothis spoil of war than you; and none of us is more entitled to itthan another, except that we occupy our positions fixed by theBook of Allah, Who is Great and Glorious, and the division madeby the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him), people beingarranged according to their precedence in accepting Islam, thehardship they have endured their having children and their need.

Sa'id said: Umar ibn al-Khattab said: Blood-money is meant forthe clan of the slain, and she will not inherit from theblood-money of her husband. Ad-Dahhak ibn Sufyan said: TheApostle of Allah (peace be upon him) wrote to me that I shouldgive a share to the wife of Ashyam ad-Dubabi from the blood-moneyof her husband. So Umar withdrew his opinion. Ahmad ibn Salihsaid: AbdurRazzaq transmitted this tradition to us from Ma'mar,from az-Zuhri on the authority of Sa'id. In this version he said:The Prophet (peace be upon him) made him governor over thebedouins.

Amr ibn Shu'ayb reported: Rabab ibn Hudhayfah married a woman andthree sons were born to him from her. Their mother then died.They inherited her houses and had the right of inheritance of herfreed slaves. Amr ibn al-'As was the agnate of her sons. He sentthem to Syria where they died. Amr ibn al-'As then came. A freedslave of hers died and left some property. Her brothers disputedwith him and brought the case to Umar ibn al-Khattab. Umarreported the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) as saying:Whatever property a son or a father receives as an heir will goto his agnates, whoever they may be. He then wrote a document forhim, witnessed by AbdurRahman ibn Awf, Zayd ibn Thabit and oneother person. When AbdulMalik became caliph, they presented thecase to Hisham ibn Isma'il or Isma'il ibn Hisham (the narrator isdoubtful). He sent them to AbdulMalik who said: This is thedecision which I have already seen. The narrator said: So he(AbdulMalik) made the decision on the basis of the document ofUmar ibn al-Khattab, and that is still with us today.

A Companion of the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: A man askedhim (the Prophet): Apostle of Allah, what are the grave sins? Hereplied: They are nine. He then mentioned the tradition to thesame effect. This version adds: "And disobedience to the Muslimparents, and to violate the sacred House, your qiblah (directionof prayer), in your life and after death.

Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Za'idah (AbuDawud said: This Salih isAbuWaqid) said: We entered the Byzantine territory with Maslamah.A man who had been dishonest about booty was brought. He(Maslamah) asked Salim about him. He said: I heard my fathernarrating from Umar ibn al-Khattab from the Prophet (peace beupon him). He said: When you find a man who has been dishonestabout booty, burn his property, and beat him. He beat him. Hesaid: We found in his property a copy of the Qur'an. He againasked Salim about it. He said: Sell it and give its price incharity.

I became gay and happy, so I kissed while I was fasting, I thensaid: Apostle of Allah, I have done a big deed; I kissed while Iwas fasting. He said: What do you think if you rinse your mouthwith water while you are fasting. The narrator Isa ibn Hammadsaid in his version: I said to him: There is no harm in it. Thenboth of them agreed on the version: He said: Then what?

The Prophet (peace be upon him) divorced Hafsah, but he took herback in marriage.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: A man will not be asked asto why he beat his wife.

AbulAjfa' as-Sulami said: Umar (Allah be pleased with him)delivered a speech to us and said: Do not go to extremes ingiving women their dower, for if it represented honour in thisworld and piety in Allah's sight, the one of you most entitled todo so would have been the Prophet (peace be upon him). TheApostle of Allah (peace be upon him) did not marry any of hiswives or gave any of his daughters in marriage for more thantwelve uqiyahs.

Al-Harith ibn Abdullah ibn Aws said: I came to Umar ibnal-Khattab and asked him about a woman who has performed the(obligatory) circumambulation on the day of sacrifice, and thenshe menstruates. He said: She must perform the lastcircumambulation of the House (the Ka'bah). Al-Harith said: TheApostle of Allah (peace be upon him) told me the same thing. Umarsaid: May your hands fall down! You asked me about a thing thatyou had asked the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) so that Imight oppose him.

The Arabs in the pre-Islamic period did not return fromal-Muzdalifah till they saw sunlight at the mountain Thabir. TheProphet (peace be upon him) opposed them and returned before thesunrise.

Aslam said: I heard Umar ibn al-Khattab say: What is the need ofwalking proudly (ramal) and moving the shoulders (while goinground the Ka'bah)? Allah has now strengthened Islam andobliterated disbelief and the infidels. In spite of that we shallnot forsake anything that we used to do during the time of theApostle of Allah (peace be upon him).

As-Subayy ibn Ma'bad said: I raised my voice in talbiyah for bothof them (i.e. umrah and hajj). Thereupon Umar said: You wereguided to the practice (sunnah) of your Prophet (peace be uponhim).

The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) commanded us one day togive sadaqah. At that time I had some property. I said: Today Ishall surpass AbuBakr if I surpass him any day. I, therefore,brought half my property. The Apostle of Allah (peace be uponhim) asked: What did you leave for your family? I replied: Thesame amount. AbuBakr brought all that he had with him. TheApostle of Allah (peace be upon him) asked him: What did youleave for your family? He replied: I left Allah and His Apostlefor them. I said: I shall never compete you in anything.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) used to seek refuge in Allah fromfive things; cowardliness, niggardliness, the evils of old age,evil thoughts, and punishment in the grave.

I sought permission of the Prophet (peace be upon him) to performumrah. He gave me permission and said: My younger brother, do notforget me in your supplication. He (Umar) said: He told me a wordthat pleased me so much so that I would not have been pleased ifI were given the whole world. The narrator Shu'bah said: I thenmet Asim at Medina. He narrated to me this tradition and reportedthe wordings: "My younger brother, share me in yoursupplication."

Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab said: There were two brothers among theAnsar who shared an inheritance. When one of them asked the otherfor the portion due to him, he replied: If you ask me again forthe portion due to you, all my property will be devoted to thedecoration of the Ka'bah. Umar said to him: The Ka'bah does notneed your property. Make atonement for your oath and speak toyour brother. I heard the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him)say: An oath or vow to disobey the Lord, or to break ties ofrelationship or about something over which one has no control isnot binding on you.

AbuMajidah said: I cut the ear of a boy, or he cut my ear (thenarrator is doubtful). AbuBakr then came to us to perform hajjand we got together with him. But he referred us to Umar ibnal-Khattab. Umar (ibn al-Khattab) said: This reached the extentof retaliation. Call a cupper to me so that he may retaliate.When the cupper was called, he (Umar) said: I heard the Apostleof Allah (peace be upon him) say: I gave a boy to my maternalaunt, and I hope that she will be blessed in respect of him. Isaid to her: Do not entrust him to a supper, nor to a goldsmith,nor to a butcher.

reported the Prophet (peace be upon him) as saying: There arepeople from the servants of Allah who are neither prophets normartyrs; the prophets and martyrs will envy them on the Day ofResurrection for their rank from Allah, the Most High.They (thepeople) asked: Tell us, Apostle of Allah, who are they? Hereplied: They are people who love one another for the spirit ofAllah (i.e. the Qur'an), without having any mutual kinship andgiving property to one. I swear by Allah, their faces will glowand they will be (sitting) in (pulpits of) light. They will haveno fear (on the Day) when the people will have fear, and theywill not grieve when the people will grieve. He then recited thefollowing Qur'anic verse: "Behold! Verily for the friends ofAllah there is no fear, nor shall they grieve."

Umar said while he was (sitting) on the pulpit: O people, theopinion from the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) was right,because Allah showed (i.e. inspired) him; but from us it is sheerconjecture and artifice.

When the prohibition of wine (was yet to be) declared, Umar said:O Allah, give us a satisfactory explanation about wine. So thefollowing verse of Surat al-Baqarah revealed; "They ask theeconcerning wine and gambling. Say: In them is great sin...." Umarwas then called and it was recited to him. He said: O Allah,give us a satisfactory explanation about wine.Then thefollowing verse of Surat an-Nisa' was revealed: "O ye whobelieve! approach not prayers with a mind befogged...."Thereafter the herald of the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him)would call when the (congregational) prayer was performed:Beware, one who is drunk should not come to prayer. Umar wasagain called and it was recited to him). He said: O Allah, giveus a satisfactory explanation about wine. This verse wasrevealed: "Will ye not then abstain?" Umar said: We abstained.

Qatadah reported Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased withhim) as saying: If anyone gets possession of a relative who iswithin the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free.

Ibn az-Zubayr told that a woman client of theirs took az-Zubayr'sdaughter to Umar ibn al-Khattab wearing bells on her legs. Umarcut them off and said that he had heard the Apostle of Allah(peace be upon him) say: There is a devil along with each bell.

I did not send my collectors (of zakat) so that they strike yourbodies and that they take your property. If that is done withsomeone and he appeals to me, I shall take retaliation on him.Amr ibn al-'As said: If any man (i.e. governor) inflictsdisciplinary punishment on his subjects, would you takeretaliation on him too? He said: Yes, by Him in Whose hand mysoul is, I shall take retaliation on him. I saw that the Apostleof Allah (peace be upon him) has given retaliation on himself.

Ibn Abbas said: Umar asked about the decision of the Prophet(peace be upon him) about that (i.e. abortion) Haml ibn Malik ibnan-Nabighah got up and said: I was between two women. One of themstruck another with a rolling-pin killing both her and what wasin her womb. So the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) gavejudgment that the blood-wit for the unborn child should be a maleor a female slave of the best quality and that she should bekilled.

Tawus said: Umar stood on the pulpit. He then mentioned the restof the tradition to the same effect as mentioned before. He didnot mention "that she should be killed". This version adds: "amale or a female slave". Umar then said: Allah is Most Great. HadI not heard it, we would have decided about it something else.

Al-Aqra', the mu'adhdhin (announcer) of Umar ibn al-Khattab said:Umar sent me to a bishop and I called him. Umar said to him: Doyou find me in the Book? He said: Yes. He asked: How do youfind me? He said: I find you (like a) castle.Then he raised awhip to him, saying: What do you mean by castle? He replied: Aniron castle and severely trustworthy. He asked: How do you findthe one who will come after me? He said: I find him a piouscaliph, except that he will prefer his relatives. Umar said: MayAllah have mercy on Uthman: He said it three times. He thenasked: How do you find the one who will come after him? Hereplied: I find him like rusty iron. Umar then put his hand onhis head, and said: O filthy! O filthy! He said: Commander ofthe Faithful! He is a pious caliph, but when he is made caliph,the sword will be unsheathed and blood will be shed.

Muslim ibn Yasar al-Juhani said: When Umar ibn al-Khattab wasasked about the verse "When your Lord took their offspring fromthe backs of the children of Adam" - al-Qa'nabi recited theverse--he said: I heard the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him)say when he was questioned about it: Allah created Adam, thenpassed His right hand over his back, and brought forth from ithis offspring, saying: I have these for Paradise and these willdo the deeds of those who go to Paradise. He then passed His handover his back and brought forth from it his offspring, saying: Ihave created these for Hell, and they will do the deeds of thosewho go to Hell. A man asked: What is the good of doing anything,Apostle of Allah? The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said:When Allah creates a servant for Paradise, He employs him indoing the deeds of those who will go to Paradise, so that hisfinal action before death is one of the deeds of those who go toParadise, for which He will bring him into Paradise. But when Hecreates a servant for Hell, He employs him in doing the deeds ofthose who will go to Hell, so that his final action before deathis one of the deeds of those who go to Hell, for which He willbring him into Hell.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: the same occasion: Help theoppressed (sorrowful) and guide those who have lost their way.

Masruq said: I met Umar ibn al-Khattab (Allah be pleased withhim) who said: Who are you? I replied: Masruq ibn al-Ajda'. Umar then said: I heard the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) say:al-Ajda' (mutilated) is a devil.

Zayd ibn Aslam quoted his father as saying: Umar ibn al-Khattab(Allah be pleased with him) struck one of his sons who was giventhe kunyah AbuIsa, and al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah had the kunyahAbuIsa. Umar said to him: Is it not sufficient for you that youare called by the kunyah AbuAbdullah? He replied: The Apostle ofAllah (peace be upon him) gave me this kunyah. Thereupon he said:The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) was forgiven all hissins, past and those followed. But we are among the peoplesimilar to us. Henceforth he was called by the kunyah AbuAbdullahuntil he died.

Umar heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: 'If you put your faith completely in Allah, He will arrange for your sustenance in the same way as He provides for the birds. They go out in the morning with their stomachs empty and return filled in the evening.'

Transmitted by Tirmidhi.

Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) saw me passing urine while standing. Thereupon he said: Umar, don't urinate while standing. And afterwards I never passed urine while standing.

Transmitted by Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah.

The supplication is stopped between Heaven and Earth and none of it ascends till you invoke blessing on your Prophet.

Transmitted by Tirmidhi.

Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) sent a detachment towards Najd. There fell many spoils of war to its lot and it came back quickly. Someone amongst us who had not set out (with this detachment) said: We have never seen a detachment coming back so quickly and with so much spoils of war as this detachment. Thereupon Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said: May I not inform you of people with more spoils of war and better return? Those who participate in the dawn prayer and then sit down to remember Allah till the sunrise, are the ones whose return is quicker and spoils more excellent.

Tirmidhi transmitted it and said: This is a gharib hadith and Hammad ibn AbuHumayd is weak as a transmitter of hadith.

I heard Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) saying: Four rak'ahs preceding the noon (obligatory rak'ahs) after the sun has passed the meridian are counted equivalent to a similar number in the dawn prayer and there is nothing which does not glorify Allah at that hour. He then recited this: `Their shadows return from the right and left making obeisance to Allah while they are in utter abasement.' (16:48)

Transmitted by Tirmidhi and Bayhaqi in Shu'ab al-Iman.

Allah's Messenger said, "When you visit an invalid tell him to make supplication for you, for his supplication is like that of the angels.,

Ibn Majah transmitted it.

When Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) raised his hands in supplication he did not lower them till he wiped his face with them.

Tirmidhi transmitted it.

Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) said, If anyone says on entering the market, "There is no god but Allah alone Who has no partner, to Whom belongs the dominion, to Whom praise is due, Who gives life and causes death while He is living and does not die, in Whose hand is good, and Who is Omnipotent," Allah will record for him a million good deeds, obliterate from him a million evil deeds, raise him a million degrees, and build him a house in Paradise.

Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it, Tirmidhi saying this is a gharib tradition. Sharh as-Sunnah has, "Says in a general market in which things are sold," instead of "on entering the market."

When inspiration was sent down to the Prophet (peace be upon him), a low sound was heard near his face like the humming of bees. One day when inspiration was sent down to him and we had waited for a time, it left him, then facing the qiblah and raising his hands, he said, "O Allah, give us more and do not give us less; honour us and do not humiliate us; give us and do not withhold from us; choose us and do not prefer others to us; please us and be pleased with us." He then said, "I have had sent down to me ten verses which will provide entrance to Paradise for those who recite them." He then recited, "The believers have been successful" and continued till he had completed ten verses.

Ahmad and Tirmidhi transmitted it.

Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) taught him to say, "O Allah, make my inner nature better than my outer, and make my outer nature good. O Allah, I ask Thee to give me some of the abundance thou givest to men, in family, property and children, which neither strays nor leads astray."

Tirmidhi transmitted it.

The last verse to be sent down was that on usury, but Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) was taken without having expounded it to us; so leave aside usury and whatever is doubtful.

Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "He who brings goods for sale is blessed with good fortune, but he who keeps them till the price rises is accursed."

Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Whenever a man is alone with a woman the Devil makes a third."

Tirmidhi transmitted it.

Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) forbade withdrawing the penis from a free woman unless she gives permission.

Ibn Majah transmitted it.

Fadalah ibn Ubayd told of hearing Umar ibn al-Khattab say he had heard Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) saying, "The martyrs are of four types: (1) a believing man whose faith is good, who meets the enemy and is sincere to Allah till he is killed, and that is the one to whom men will raise their eyes on the Day of Resurrection thus" (raising his head till his cap fell off, but I do not know whether he meant Umar's cap or the Prophet's cap); (2) a believing man whose faith is good, who meets the enemy and appears as if his skin had been torn by acacia thorns through cowardice, and then is killed by a random arrow, he is in the second class; (3) a believing man who mingles a good deed with another which is bad who meets the enemy and is sincere to Allah till he is killed, that one is in the third class; (4) a believing man who has been dissipated who meets the enemy and is sincere towards Allah till he is killed, that one is in the fourth class."

Tirmidhi transmitted it, saying this is hasan gharib tradition.

Allah's Messenger said, "Eat together and not separately, for the blessing is associated with the company,"

Ibn Majah transmitted it.

AbuUmamah to that Umar put on a new garment and said, "Praise be to Allah who has clothed me with something with which to cover my nakedness and adorn myself in my lifetime." He then told that he had heard Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) say that if anyone who put on a new garment said, "Praise be to Allah who has clothed me with something with which to cover my nakedness and adorn myself in my lifetime," then took the old garment and gave it as sadaqah, he would be in Allah's protection, guardianship and shelter both when alive and when dead.

Ahmad, Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it, Tirmidhi saying this is a gharib tradition.

Umar heard Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) say, "If you were to trust in Allah genuinely He would give you provision as He does for the birds which go out hungry in the morning and come back full in the evening."

Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

Umar went out one day to the mosque of Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) and found Mu'adh ibn Jabal sitting by the Prophet's grave, weeping. He asked what was making him weep and he replied that it was something he had heard from Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him). He had heard him say, "a little hypocrisy is polytheism, and anyone who is hostile to a friend of Allah has gone forth to fight Allah. Allah loves the upright, pious and retiring ones who are not missed when they are absent and are not given invitations or treated with honour when they are present. Their hearts are the lamps of guidance, and they come forth from every dusty and dark place."

Ibn Majah and Bayhaqi, in Shu'ab al-Iman transmitted it.

AbuBakr is our chief, the best among us, and the one of us who is dearest to Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him).

Tirmidhi transmitted it.

Umar allotted to Usamah three thousand five hundred and to Abdullah ibn Umar three thousand, so Abdullah ibn Umar said to his father, "Why have you treated Usamah as superior to me? I swear by Allah that he has never reached to any battle before me." He replied, "It is because Zayd was dearer to Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) than your father and Usamah was dearer to Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) than you, so I have given preference to the one who was beloved by Allah's Messenger over the one who is loved by me."

Tirmidhi transmitted it.

Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) said, "I saw a pillar of light which came forth from under my head and spread till it settled in Syria."

Bayhaqi transmitted it in Dala'il an-Nubuwwah.

A person performed ablution and left small part equal to thespace of a nail (unwashed). The Apostle (peace be upon him) sawthat and said: Go back and perform ablution well. He then wentback (performed ablution well) and offered the prayer.

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: When theMu'adhdhin says: Allah is the Greatest, one of you should makethis response: Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest.(When the Mu'adhdhin) says: I testify that there is no god butAllah, one should respond: I testify that there is no god butAllah. When he says: I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger ofAllah, one should make the response: I testify that Muhammad isAllah's Messenger. When he (the Mu'adhdhin) says: Come to prayer,one should make the response: There is no might and no powerexcept with Allah. When he (the Mu'adhdhin) says: Come tosalvation, one should respond: There is no might and no powerexcept with Allah. When he (the Mu'adhdhin) says: Allah is theGreatest, Allah is the Greatest, then make the response: Allah isthe Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. When he (the Mu'adhdhin)says: There is no god but Allah, he will enter Paradise.

Umar delivered the Friday sermon and he mentioned the Apostle(peace be upon him) and AbuBakr. He (further) said: I saw in adream that a cock pecked me twice, and I perceive that my deathis near. Some people have suggested that appoint my successor.Allah will not destroy His religion, His caliphate and that withwhich He sent His Apostle (peace be upon him). If death come tome soon, the (issue of) caliphate (will be decided) by theconsent of these six men with whom the Messenger of Allah (peacebe upon him) remained well pleased until his death. I know fullwell that some people would blame me for kill with these veryhands of mine some persons who apparently professed (Islam). Ifthey do this (blame me) they are the enemies of Allah, and arenon-believers; they have gone astray. I do not leave after meanything which to my mind seems more important than Kalalah. Inever turned towards the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)(for guidance) more often than this Kalalah, and he (the HolyProphet) was not annoyed with me on any other (issue) than this.(He was so perturbed) that he struck his fingers on my chest andsaid: Does this verse, that is at the end of Surat an-Nisa',which was revealed in the hot season, not suffice you? And if Ilive longer I would decide this (problem so clearly) that one whoreads the Qur'an, or one who does not read it, would be able tomake (correct) decisions (under its light). He (Umar) furthersaid: Allah! I call You witness to these governors of lands, thatI sent them to (the peoples of these lands) so that they mightadminister justice amongst them, teach them their religion, andthe Sunnah of the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him),distribute amongst them the spoils of war and refer to me thatwhich they find difficult to perform. O people, you eat these twoplants, onions and garlic, and I find them extremely repugnantfor I saw that when the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)sensed the odour of these two from someone in a mosque, he wasmade to go to al-Baqi'. So he who eats it should kill (its odour)by cooking it well.

Ya'la ibn Umayyah said, "I told Umar that Allah had said: "Youmay shorten the prayer only if you fear that those who areunbelievers may afflict you" (Qur'an, iv.101) whereas the peopleare now safe. He replied: I wondered about it in the same away asyou wonder about it, so I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace beupon him) about it and he said: It is an act of charity whichAllah has done to you, so accept His charity.

Jubayr ibn Nufayr reported: I went along with Shurahbil ibnas-Simt to a village which was situated at a distance ofseventeen or eighteen miles and he said only two rak'ahs ofprayer. I said to him (about it) and he said: I saw Umarobserving two rak'ahs at Dhul-Hulayfah and I (too) said to him(about it) and he said: I am doing the same as I saw theMessenger of Allah (peace be upon him) doing. (This hadith hasbeen transmitted by Shu'bah with the same chain of narrators andit is narrated from Simt, and the name of Shurahbil has not beenmentioned, and he said that he had gone to a place called Dumin,situated at a distance of eighteen miles from Hims.)

Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said: Should anyone fallasleep and fail to recite his portion of the Qur'an, or a part ofit, if he recites it between the dawn prayer and the noon prayer,it will be recorded for him as though he had recited it duringthe night.

Amir ibn Wathilah reported that Nafi ibn AbdulHarith met Umar atUsfan and Umar had employed him as collector in Mecca. He (Umar)said to him (Nafi'): Whom have you appointed as collector overthe people of the valley? He said: Ibn Abza. He said: Who is IbnAbza? He said: He is one of our freed slave. He (Umar) said: Soyou have appointed a freed slave over them. He said: He is wellversed in the Book of Allah, the Exalted and Great, and he iswell versed in the commandments and injunctions (of theShari'ah). Umar said: So the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Bythis Book, Allah would exalt some peoples and degrade others.

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) distributed something,Upon this I said: Messenger of Allah, I swear by God, the othersbesides them were more deserving than these (to whom you gavecharity). He said: They had in fact left no other alternative forme, but (That they should) either beg importunately from me orthey would regard me as a miser, but I am not a miser.

Umar asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): Should oneobserving fast kiss (his wife)? The Messenger of Allah (peace beupon him) said to him: Ask her (Umm Salamah). She informed himthat the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did that,whereupon he said: Messenger of Allah, Allah pardoned thee allthy sins, the previous and the later ones. Upon this theMessenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: By Allah, I am themost God-conscious among you and I fear Him most among you.

Suwayd ibn Ghafalah reported: I saw Umar (Allah be pleased withhim) kissing the Stone and clinging to it and saying: I sawAllah's Messenger (peace be upon him) having great love for you.This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Sufyan with thesame chain of transmitters (and the words are): "That he (Umar)said: But I saw AbulQasim (peace be upon him) having great lovefor you." And he did not mention about clinging to it.

Umar ibn al-Khattab delivered a sermon on Friday and made amention of Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) and he also made amention of AbuBakr and then said: I do not leave behind me anyproblem more difficult than that of Kalalah. I did not refer toAllah's Messenger (peace be upon him) more repeatedly than incase of the problem of Kalalah, and he (the Prophet) never showedmore annoyance to me than in regard to this problem, so much sothat he struck my chest with his fingers and said: Umar, does theverse revealed in summer season, at the end of Surat an-Nisa' notsuffice you? Umar (then) said: If I live I would give suchverdict about (Kalalah) that everyone would be able to decidewhether he reads the Qur'an or he does not.

I acquired land from the lands of Khaybar. I came to Allah'sMessenger (peace be upon him) and said: I have acquired a pieceof land. Never have I acquired land more loved by me and morecherished by me than this. The rest of the hadith is the same (asin No. 4006), but he made no mention of this: "I narrated it toMuhammad" and what follows.

Umar heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: I willexpel the Jews and Christians from the Arabian Peninsula and willnot leave any but Muslims.

Adi ibn Hatim reported: I came to Umar ibn al-Khattab and he saidto me: The first consignment of Sadaqah brought to Allah'sMessenger (peace be upon him) which brightened the face ofAllah's Messenger (peace be upon him) and the faces of hiscompanions was that of Tayyi.

Usayr ibn Jabir reported that a delegation from Kufah came toUmar and there was a person amongst them who jeered at Uways.Thereupon Umar said: Is there amongst us one from Qarn? Thatperson came and Umar said: Verily Allah's Messenger (peace beupon him) has said: There would come to you a person from Yemenwho would be called Uways and he would leave none in Yemen(behind him) except his mother, and he would have the whiteness(due to leprosy) and he supplicated Allah and it was cured exceptfor the size of a dinar or dirham. He who amongst you meets himshould ask him to supplicate for forgiveness (from Allah) foryou.

Usayr ibn Jabir reported that when people from Yemen came to help(the Muslim army at the time of Jihad) he asked them: Is thereamongst you Uways ibn Amir? (He continued looking for him) untilhe met Uways. He said: Are you Uways ibn Amir? He said: Yes. He said: Are you from the tribe of Qaran? He said: Yes. He(Umar) (again) said: Did you suffer from leprosy and then youwere cured of it except for a patch the size of a dirham? Hesaid: Yes. He (Umar) said: Is your mother (living)? He said:Yes. He (Umar) said: I heard Allah's Messenger (peace be uponhim) say: There will come to you Uways ibn Amr with thereinforcements from the people of Yemen. (He will be) from Qaran,(the branch) of Murad. He has suffered from leprosy, of which hehas been cured except for a patch the size of a dirham. Histreatment of his mother has been excellent. If he were to take anoath in the name of Allah He would honour it. If it is possiblefor you, then do ask him to beg forgiveness for you (from yourLord). So he (Uways) begged forgiveness for him. Umar said: Wheredo you intend to go? He said: To Kufah. He (Umar) said: Let mewrite a letter for you to its governor. Thereupon he (Uways)said: I love to live amongst the poor people. The following year,a man from the elite (of Kufah) performed Hajj and he met Umar.He asked him about Uways. He said: I left him in a state ofmeagre means of sustenance. (Thereupon) Umar said: I heardAllah's Messenger (peace be upon him) saying: There will come toyou Uways ibn Amir, of Qaran, a branch (of the tribe) of Murad,with the reinforcements of the people of Yemen. He has beensuffered from leprosy, which has been cured except for a patchthe size of a dirham. His treatment of his mother has been verykind. If he took an oath in the name of Allah (for something) hewould honour it. Ask him to beg forgiveness for you (from Allah)if it is possible for you. So he came to Uways and said: Begforgiveness (from Allah) for me. He (Uways) said: You have justcome from a sacred journey (Hajj); you therefore ask forgivenessfor me. He (the person who had performed Hajj) said: Askforgiveness for me (from Allah). He (Uways) again said: You havejust come from the sacred journey, so you ask forgiveness for me.(Uways further) said: Did you meet Umar? He said: Yes. He(Uways) then begged forgiveness for him (from Allah). So thepeople came to know about (the status of religious piety) ofUways. He went away (from that place).Usayr said: His clothingconsisted of a mantle, and whoever saw him said: Where did Uwaysfind this mantle?

Umar made a mention of what had fallen to the lot of people outof the material world and he said: I saw Allah's Apostle (peacebe upon him) spend the whole day being upset because of hungerand he could not get even an inferior quality of dates with whichhe could fill his belly.

Umar said, "Learn the rules of inheritance," Ibn Mas'ud adding, ".. of divorce and of the pilgrimage," and both saying, "for it pertains to your religion."

Darimi transmitted it.

Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) said, If anyone says, on seeing someone who is suffering affliction, "Praise be to Allah who has kept me free from the affliction He has brought on him and has shown me favour above many whom He has created," that affliction, whatever it may be, will not smite him.

Tirmidhi transmitted it, and Ibn Majah transmitted it from Ibn Umar. Tirmidhi said this is a gharib tradition, and Amr ibn dinar, the transmitter, is not strong.

AbuzZubayr reported: I asked Jabir about (the eating) of thelizard, whereupon he said: Don't eat that, as he (the Prophet)felt disgust. He (the narrator) said that Umar ibn al-Khattabremarked: Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) did not declare itto be unlawful. Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, has (made it asource) of benefit for more than one (persons). It is a commondiet of the shepherds. Had it been with me, I would have eatenthat.

One day when the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) wassitting, his foster-father came forward. He spread out of a partof his garment and he sit on it. Then his mother came forward tohim and he spread out the other side of his garment and she saton it. Again , his foster-brother came forward. The Apostle ofAllah (peace be upon him) stood for him and seated him beforehimself.

A man from Basrah said: Tell me what you heard from the Apostleof Allah (peace be upon him). He said: I heard the Apostle ofAllah (peace be upon him) say: No one will enter Hell who hasprayed before the rising of the sun and before its setting(meaning the dawn and the afternoon prayers). He said threetimes: Have you heard it from him? He replied: Yes, each timesaying: My ears heard it and my heart memorised it. The man thensaid: And I heard him (the Prophet) say that.

Umarah saw Bishr ibn Marwan on the pulpit raising his hands andsaid: Allah, disfigure these hands! I have seen Allah's Messenger(peace be upon him) gesture no more than this with his hands, andhe pointed with his forefinger.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) had a wooden vessel under his bedin which he would urinate at night.

I swore allegiance to the Prophet (peace be upon him) along with some women and he said to us, "As far as you are able and are capable." I said, "Allah and His Messenger are more merciful to us than we are to ourselves." I asked Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) to ratify our covenant, meaning to shake hands with us, but he replied, "I say the same to a hundred women as I do to one."

Tirmidhi, Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

I was the slave (of AbulLahm). I asked the Messenger of Allah(peace be upon him) if I could give some charity out of themaster's wealth. He said: Yes, and the reward is half and halfbetween you two.

I was present at Khaybar along with my masters who spoke about meto the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him). He ordered about me,and a sword was girded on me and I was trailing it. He was theninformed that I was a slave. He, therefore, ordered that I shouldbe given some inferior goods.

Umayr saw the Prophet (peace be upon him) praying for rain atAhjar az-Zayt near az-Zawra', standing, making supplication,praying for rain and raising his hands in front of his face, butnot lifting them above his head.

Umayyah was sitting and a man was eating. He did not mentionAllah's name until there remained the last morsel. When he raisedit to his mouth, he said: In the name of Allah at the beginningand at the end of it. The Prophet (peace be upon him) laughed andsaid: The devil kept eating along with him, but when he mentionedAllah's name, he vomited what was in his belly.

Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) sent off an army of which Ali was a member, and that she heard Allah's Messenger say with his arms upraised, "O Allah, do not cause me to die before Thou lettest me see Ali."

Tirmidhi transmitted it.

I took part with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) inseven battles. I would stay behind in the camp of men, cook theirfood, treat the wounded and nurse the sick.

A woman used to perform circumcision in Medina. The Prophet(peace be upon him) said to her: Do not cut severely as that isbetter for a woman and more desirable for a husband.

Anas reported that after that death of Allah's Messenger (peacebe upon him) AbuBakr said to Umar: Let us visit Umm Ayman asAllah's Messenger (peace be upon him) used to visit her. As wecame to her, she wept. They (AbuBakr and Umar) said to her: Whatmakes you weep? What is in store (in the next world) for Allah'sMessenger (peace be upon him) is better than (this worldly life).She said: I weep not because I am ignorant of the fact that whatis in store for Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) (in thenext world) is better than (this world), but I weep because therevelation which came from the Heaven has ceased to come. Thismoved both of them to tears and they began to weep along withher.